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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Brunei (2008)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Brunei (2008)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Brunei (2008)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsBrunei
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 27.8% (male 53,512/female 50,529)


15-64 years: 69% (male 130,134/female 128,488)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 5,688/female 6,226) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts rice, vegetables, fruits; chickens, water buffalo, cattle, goats, eggs
Airports 1 (2006) 2 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 5,770 sq km


land: 5,270 sq km


water: 500 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Delaware
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in Asia.
Birth rate NA 18.56 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues: $3.765 billion


expenditures: $4.815 billion (2004 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Bandar Seri Begawan


geographic coordinates: 4 53 N, 114 56 E


time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical; hot, humid, rainy
Coastline 26 km 161 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: Brunei Darussalam


conventional short form: Brunei


local long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


local short form: Brunei
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 3.26 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external - $0 (2005)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Emil SKODON


embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan, BS8811


mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507; P.O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan BS8675, Negara Brunei Darussalam


telephone: [673] 222-0384


FAX: [673] 222-5293
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato PUTEH


chancery: 3520 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838


FAX: [1] (202) 885-0560
Disputes - international none Brunei and Malaysia are still considering international adjudication over their disputed offshore and deepwater seabeds, where hydrocarbon exploration was terminated in 2003 international legal adjudication; Malaysia's land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is in dispute; Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands in 1984, but makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants
Economic aid - recipient $NA $770,000 (2004)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Brunei has a small well-to-do economy that encompasses a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for just over half of GDP and more than 90% of exports. Per capita GDP is among the highest in Asia, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base beyond oil and gas.
Electricity - consumption - 2.625 billion kWh (2005 est.)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production - 2.735 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Bruneian dollars per US dollar - NA (2007), 1.5886 (2006), 1.6644 (2005), 1.6902 (2004), 1.7422 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967)


cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary
Exports $NA 205,600 bbl/day (2006)
Exports - commodities copra crude oil, natural gas, refined products, clothing
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Japan 30.5%, Indonesia 19.9%, South Korea 14.9%, Australia 11.5%, US 7.7% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 0.9%


industry: 71.6%


services: 27.5% (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 0.4% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 4 30 N, 114 40 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave within Malaysia
Heliports - 3 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty
Imports $NA 660.1 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals
Imports - partners Australia (2004) Singapore 31.4%, Malaysia 18.9%, UK 8%, Japan 5.5%, China 5.4%, Thailand 4.5% (2006)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 1 January 1984 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 1.8% (2005 est.)
Industries copra products and tourism petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 13.12 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.72 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 10.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.1% (2005)
International organization participation none ADB, APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN, C, EAS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land NA 10 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Shariah courts deal with Islamic laws (2006)
Labor force NA 180,400 (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture: 2.9%


industry: 61.1%


services: 36% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 381 km


border countries: Malaysia 381 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 2.08%


permanent crops: 0.87%


other: 97.05% (2005)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Malay (official), English, Chinese
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
Legislative Council met on 25 September 2004 for first time in 20 years with 21 members appointed by the Sultan; passed constitutional amendments calling for a 45-seat council with 15 elected members; Sultan dissolved council on 1 September 2005 and appointed a new council with 29 members as of 2 September 2005; council met in March 2006 and in March 2007


elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 75.3 years


male: 73.12 years


female: 77.59 years (2007 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92.7%


male: 95.2%


female: 90.2% (2001 census)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia
Map references Southeast Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line
Merchant marine - total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 465,937 GRT/413,393 DWT


by type: liquefied gas 8


foreign-owned: 8 (UK 8) (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF): Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) (2008)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 4.5% (2006)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Bruneian(s)


adjective: Bruneian
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, timber
Net migration rate NA 2.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines - gas 672 km; oil 463 km (2007)
Political parties and leaders none National Development Party or NDP [YASSIN Affendi]


note: Brunei National Solidarity Party or PPKB [Abdul LATIF bin Chuchu] and People's Awareness Party or PAKAR [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin Haji Ahmad] were deregistered; parties are small and have limited activity
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 374,577 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 1.81% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 1, FM 2 (transmitting on 18 different frequencies), shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) station transmits two FM signals with English and Nepali service) (2006)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, other (includes indigenous beliefs) 10%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.059 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.013 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.914 male(s)/female


total population: 1.022 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age for village elections; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment: service throughout the country is excellent; international service is good to Southeast Asia, Middle East, Western Europe, and the US


domestic: every service available


international: country code - 673; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Asia-America Gateway submarine cable network, scheduled for completion by late 2008, will provide new links to Asia and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 80,200 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 254,000 (2006)
Television broadcast stations NA 4 (includes 2 UHF stations broadcasting a subscription service) (2006)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
Total fertility rate NA 1.97 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 4% (2006)
Waterways - 209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2007)
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